A calculation or function may need a floating-point value where you have an integer. Python’s float() function returns a float from an integer, such as 42.0 from 42. This article shows how to convert an integer with float() and check…
To write and run a Python program, you can put its startup work in a function named main(). A check of __name__ == "__main__" calls that function when the file runs as the top-level program and skips that call when…
Converting a Python string to uppercase gives it an uppercase form. Python’s str.upper() method returns a copy of a string with its cased characters converted to uppercase. I’ll show how to call str.upper() and what happens to the original string…
When you need the remainder from a division in Python, you can use the % operator or math.fmod(). Modulo gives you the remainder paired with division, and those two options differ in how they handle signs. This article shows how…
Path of Exile 2’s 1.0 launch date is locked in for December 11, 2026, and ExileCon 2026 runs from November 7 to 9. That means that before we ever step into the live game, we already have a fairly clear…
Historical weather records can help answer how conditions varied during a chosen period. A weather API returns data for a requested location and time span, which Python can use to calculate summaries. This article shows how to send a historical…
A program may need a directory at a particular filesystem path. Python’s directory-creation calls let you create one directory or create missing parent folders along the path. This article explains the os mkdir operation and shows how os.mkdir() and os.makedirs()…
Working with a sequence of values in Python starts with choosing how to represent those values. The array module lets you create an array by choosing a type code and supplying starting values. This article demonstrates array operations and compares…
Fortnite Ranked Reload may seem familiar to experienced players, but climbing its ranked ladder requires a different approach from standard Battle Royale. The game has faster action, smaller matches, and eliminated players can return while their teammates are still alive.…
Python uses indentation — not braces — to define code blocks. Learn Python indentation rules, common IndentationError examples, and best practices to write clean, bug-free code.