Convert String to List in Python

While programming we may need to convert a string to a list in Python. That could be for any other reason. But, a question arises here, how can we convert a string to different forms of lists?

So, here in this tutorial, we will learn how to convert a string into a list in Python.

Methods of converting a string to a list in Python

Conversion of a string to a list in Python is a pretty easy job. It can be achieved by following different methods as per our requirements.

Here in this tutorial, we are going to deal with all the methods using which we can convert a string to a list in Python for different cases. Below we have listed all the methods:

A String to List of Strings
A String to List of Characters
List of Strings to List of Lists
CSV to List
A string consisting of Integers to a List of integers

Now we are going to discuss each one of the above-mentioned techniques one by one.

1. String to List of Strings

When we need to convert a string to a list in Python containing the constituent strings of the parent string (previously separated by some separator like ‘,’ or space), we use this method to accomplish the task.

For example, say we have a string “Python is great”, and we want a list that would contain only the given names previously separated by spaces, we can get the required list just by splitting the string into parts based on the position of space.

Let us look at an example to understand it better.

#given string
string1="Python is great"

#printing the string
print("Actual String: ",string1) 
  
#gives us the type of string1
print("Type of string: ",type(string1))  

print("String converted to list :",string1.split()) 
#prints the list given by split()

Output:

String To List in Python — String To List Of Strings

In the above code:

We consider a string, string1="Python is great" and try to convert the same list of the constituent strings
type() gives us the type of object passed to the method, which in our case was a string
split() is used to split a string into a list based on the given separator. In our code, the words were separated by spaces. By default, if we do not pass anything to the split() method it splits up the string based on the position of spaces
Hence though we have not mentioned the separator parameter, the split() method gives us a list of the respective strings

2. String to List of Characters

What if we need a list of characters present in a string? In that case, direct type conversion from string to list in Python using the list() method does the job for us.

Certainly, if the input string is something like “abcd”, typecasting the string into a list using the list() method gives us a list having the individual characters ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’ as its elements. Take a look at the given example code below.

#given string
string1="AskPython"

#printing the string
print("Actual String: ",string1)
#confirming the type()
print("Type of string: ",type(string1))

#type-casting the string into list using list()
print("String converted to list :\n",list(string1))

Output:

Understanding the code:

Firstly here, we initialize a string, string1 as “AskPython” and print its type using the type() method
And as we can observe, typecasting the string using the list() method gives us a list of the member characters, as required

3. List of Strings to List of Lists

Here, we are going to see how we can combine both the above methods to convert a string to a list of character lists.

Look at the below-given example carefully,

#Given string
string1="This is Python"

print("The actual string:",string1)

#converting string1 into a list of strings
string1=string1.split()

#applying list method to the individual elements of the list string1
list1=list(map(list,string1))

#printing the resultant list of lists
print("Converted to list of character list :\n",list1)

Output:

Understand the code:

In this case, after the initialization of the string string1, we use the first method and convert it into a list of strings
That is, at this point string1 is a list of strings given by [ 'This', 'is', 'Python' ]
Then we apply the list() method to all the elements of the list
string1. As we saw in our previous case this gives us a list consisting of character lists. Note, mass type-casting was performed using the map() function

4. CSV to List

A CSV( Comma Separated Values) string, as its name suggests is a string consisting of values or data separated by commas.

Let us look at how we can convert the such type of string to a list in Python.

#given string
string1="abc,def,ghi"
print("Actual CSV String: ",string1)
print("Type of string: ",type(string1))

#spliting string1 into list with ',' as the parameter
print("CSV converted to list :",string1.split(','))

Output:

Here:

Similarly, we initiate by considering a string string1 with various data or values separated by commas(‘,’)
After printing it and its type(), we proceed by splitting it based on the parameter ‘,’
This makes the values ‘abc’, ‘def’, and ‘ghi’ the elements of a list. In this way, we were able to extract values from a given CSV

5. A string consisting of Integers to a List of integers

Now we are going to convert a string consisting of only integers separated by some space, comma, etc., to a list with integer elements.

For example, look at the code below,

#string with integers sepated by spaces
string1="1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8"
print("Actual String containing integers: ",string1)
print("Type of string: ",type(string1))

#converting the string into list of strings
list1=list(string1.split())
print("Converted string to list : ",list1)

#typecasting the individual elements of the string list into integer using the map() method
list2=list(map(int,list1))
print("List of integers : ",list2)

Output:

Now:

We took a string, string1 as “1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8” and print it and its type() consecutively
Then we split it using the split() method and store the resultant list into a list, list1. At this point, list1 holds [ ‘1’, ‘2’ , ‘3’, ‘4’, ‘5’, ‘6’, ‘7’, ‘8’ ] as we can see from the output, as expected
Now we map the function int() throughout the list, typecasting each one of the elements into integers. And further, we store the typecasted mapped list into list2 and print the same
As a result, we get a list consisting of the integer elements on which now we can perform arithmetic operations.

Conclusion

That’s all now, this was about converting strings into different lists using various methods. Try to use the one which suits your code and solves your purpose as well as meets up to your requirements. Questions in the comments are appreciated.

References

https://www.askpython.com/python/string